John Hopfield dreamed up the modern neural network while at Caltech. Geoffrey Hinton built on it, creating an AI firm that Google bought for $44 million.

John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton – won the Nobel Prize in physics Tuesday for helping create the building blocks of machine learning that is revolutionizing the way we work and live but also creates new threats to humanity,

The 2024 Nobel Prize in physics has been awarded to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton for their “foundational discoveries” that enable machine learning with artificial neural networks.